Gene/Proteome Database (LMPD)
LMPD ID
LMP006782
Gene ID
Species
Homo sapiens (Human)
Gene Name
lipoprotein, Lp(a)
Gene Symbol
Synonyms
AK38; APOA; LP
Chromosome
6
Map Location
6q26
Summary
The protein encoded by this gene is a serine proteinase that inhibits the activity of tissue-type plasminogen activator I. The encoded protein constitutes a substantial portion of lipoprotein(a) and is proteolytically cleaved, resulting in fragments that attach to atherosclerotic lesions and promote thrombogenesis. Elevated plasma levels of this protein are linked to atherosclerosis. Depending on the individual, the encoded protein contains 2-43 copies of kringle-type domains. The allele represented here contains 15 copies of the kringle-type repeats and corresponds to that found in the reference genome sequence. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2009]
Orthologs
Proteins
| apolipoprotein(a) precursor | |
|---|---|
| Refseq ID | NP_005568 |
| Protein GI | 116292750 |
| UniProt ID | NONE |
| mRNA ID | NM_005577 |
| Length | 2040 |
| RefSeq Status | REVIEWED |
| MEHKEVVLLLLLFLKSAAPEQSHVVQDCYHGDGQSYRGTYSTTVTGRTCQAWSSMTPHQHNRTTENYPNAGLIMNYCRNPDAVAAPYCYTRDPGVRWEYCNLTQCSDAEGTAVAPPTVTPVPSLEAPSEQAPTEQRPGVQECYHGNGQSYRGTYSTTVTGRTCQAWSSMTPHSHSRTPEYYPNAGLIMNYCRNPDAVAAPYCYTRDPGVRWEYCNLTQCSDAEGTAVAPPTVTPVPSLEAPSEQAPTEQRPGVQECYHGNGQSYRGTYSTTVTGRTCQAWSSMTPHSHSRTPEYYPNAGLIMNYCRNPDAVAAPYCYTRDPGVRWEYCNLTQCSDAEGTAVAPPTVTPVPSLEAPSEQAPTEQRPGVQECYHGNGQSYRGTYSTTVTGRTCQAWSSMTPHSHSRTPEYYPNAGLIMNYCRNPDAVAAPYCYTRDPGVRWEYCNLTQCSDAEGTAVAPPTVTPVPSLEAPSEQAPTEQRPGVQECYHGNGQSYRGTYSTTVTGRTCQAWSSMTPHSHSRTPEYYPNAGLIMNYCRNPDAVAAPYCYTRDPGVRWEYCNLTQCSDAEGTAVAPPTVTPVPSLEAPSEQAPTEQRPGVQECYHGNGQSYRGTYSTTVTGRTCQAWSSMTPHSHSRTPEYYPNAGLIMNYCRNPDAVAAPYCYTRDPGVRWEYCNLTQCSDAEGTAVAPPTVTPVPSLEAPSEQAPTEQRPGVQECYHGNGQSYRGTYSTTVTGRTCQAWSSMTPHSHSRTPEYYPNAGLIMNYCRNPDAVAAPYCYTRDPGVRWEYCNLTQCSDAEGTAVAPPTVTPVPSLEAPSEQAPTEQRPGVQECYHGNGQSYRGTYSTTVTGRTCQAWSSMTPHSHSRTPEYYPNAGLIMNYCRNPDPVAAPYCYTRDPSVRWEYCNLTQCSDAEGTAVAPPTITPIPSLEAPSEQAPTEQRPGVQECYHGNGQSYQGTYFITVTGRTCQAWSSMTPHSHSRTPAYYPNAGLIKNYCRNPDPVAAPWCYTTDPSVRWEYCNLTRCSDAEWTAFVPPNVILAPSLEAFFEQALTEETPGVQDCYYHYGQSYRGTYSTTVTGRTCQAWSSMTPHQHSRTPENYPNAGLTRNYCRNPDAEIRPWCYTMDPSVRWEYCNLTQCLVTESSVLATLTVVPDPSTEASSEEAPTEQSPGVQDCYHGDGQSYRGSFSTTVTGRTCQSWSSMTPHWHQRTTEYYPNGGLTRNYCRNPDAEISPWCYTMDPNVRWEYCNLTQCPVTESSVLATSTAVSEQAPTEQSPTVQDCYHGDGQSYRGSFSTTVTGRTCQSWSSMTPHWHQRTTEYYPNGGLTRNYCRNPDAEIRPWCYTMDPSVRWEYCNLTQCPVMESTLLTTPTVVPVPSTELPSEEAPTENSTGVQDCYRGDGQSYRGTLSTTITGRTCQSWSSMTPHWHRRIPLYYPNAGLTRNYCRNPDAEIRPWCYTMDPSVRWEYCNLTRCPVTESSVLTTPTVAPVPSTEAPSEQAPPEKSPVVQDCYHGDGRSYRGISSTTVTGRTCQSWSSMIPHWHQRTPENYPNAGLTENYCRNPDSGKQPWCYTTDPCVRWEYCNLTQCSETESGVLETPTVVPVPSMEAHSEAAPTEQTPVVRQCYHGNGQSYRGTFSTTVTGRTCQSWSSMTPHRHQRTPENYPNDGLTMNYCRNPDADTGPWCFTMDPSIRWEYCNLTRCSDTEGTVVAPPTVIQVPSLGPPSEQDCMFGNGKGYRGKKATTVTGTPCQEWAAQEPHRHSTFIPGTNKWAGLEKNYCRNPDGDINGPWCYTMNPRKLFDYCDIPLCASSSFDCGKPQVEPKKCPGSIVGGCVAHPHSWPWQVSLRTRFGKHFCGGTLISPEWVLTAAHCLKKSSRPSSYKVILGAHQEVNLESHVQEIEVSRLFLEPTQADIALLKLSRPAVITDKVMPACLPSPDYMVTARTECYITGWGETQGTFGTGLLKEAQLLVIENEVCNHYKYICAEHLARGTDSCQGDSGGPLVCFEKDKYILQGVTSWGLGCARPNKPGVYARVSRFVTWIEGMMRNN | |
| sig_peptide: 1..19 inference: COORDINATES: ab initio prediction:SignalP:4.0 calculated_mol_wt: 2152 peptide sequence: MEHKEVVLLLLLFLKSAAP mat_peptide: 20..2040 product: apolipoprotein(a) calculated_mol_wt: 224414 peptide sequence: EQSHVVQDCYHGDGQSYRGTYSTTVTGRTCQAWSSMTPHQHNRTTENYPNAGLIMNYCRNPDAVAAPYCYTRDPGVRWEYCNLTQCSDAEGTAVAPPTVTPVPSLEAPSEQAPTEQRPGVQECYHGNGQSYRGTYSTTVTGRTCQAWSSMTPHSHSRTPEYYPNAGLIMNYCRNPDAVAAPYCYTRDPGVRWEYCNLTQCSDAEGTAVAPPTVTPVPSLEAPSEQAPTEQRPGVQECYHGNGQSYRGTYSTTVTGRTCQAWSSMTPHSHSRTPEYYPNAGLIMNYCRNPDAVAAPYCYTRDPGVRWEYCNLTQCSDAEGTAVAPPTVTPVPSLEAPSEQAPTEQRPGVQECYHGNGQSYRGTYSTTVTGRTCQAWSSMTPHSHSRTPEYYPNAGLIMNYCRNPDAVAAPYCYTRDPGVRWEYCNLTQCSDAEGTAVAPPTVTPVPSLEAPSEQAPTEQRPGVQECYHGNGQSYRGTYSTTVTGRTCQAWSSMTPHSHSRTPEYYPNAGLIMNYCRNPDAVAAPYCYTRDPGVRWEYCNLTQCSDAEGTAVAPPTVTPVPSLEAPSEQAPTEQRPGVQECYHGNGQSYRGTYSTTVTGRTCQAWSSMTPHSHSRTPEYYPNAGLIMNYCRNPDAVAAPYCYTRDPGVRWEYCNLTQCSDAEGTAVAPPTVTPVPSLEAPSEQAPTEQRPGVQECYHGNGQSYRGTYSTTVTGRTCQAWSSMTPHSHSRTPEYYPNAGLIMNYCRNPDAVAAPYCYTRDPGVRWEYCNLTQCSDAEGTAVAPPTVTPVPSLEAPSEQAPTEQRPGVQECYHGNGQSYRGTYSTTVTGRTCQAWSSMTPHSHSRTPEYYPNAGLIMNYCRNPDPVAAPYCYTRDPSVRWEYCNLTQCSDAEGTAVAPPTITPIPSLEAPSEQAPTEQRPGVQECYHGNGQSYQGTYFITVTGRTCQAWSSMTPHSHSRTPAYYPNAGLIKNYCRNPDPVAAPWCYTTDPSVRWEYCNLTRCSDAEWTAFVPPNVILAPSLEAFFEQALTEETPGVQDCYYHYGQSYRGTYSTTVTGRTCQAWSSMTPHQHSRTPENYPNAGLTRNYCRNPDAEIRPWCYTMDPSVRWEYCNLTQCLVTESSVLATLTVVPDPSTEASSEEAPTEQSPGVQDCYHGDGQSYRGSFSTTVTGRTCQSWSSMTPHWHQRTTEYYPNGGLTRNYCRNPDAEISPWCYTMDPNVRWEYCNLTQCPVTESSVLATSTAVSEQAPTEQSPTVQDCYHGDGQSYRGSFSTTVTGRTCQSWSSMTPHWHQRTTEYYPNGGLTRNYCRNPDAEIRPWCYTMDPSVRWEYCNLTQCPVMESTLLTTPTVVPVPSTELPSEEAPTENSTGVQDCYRGDGQSYRGTLSTTITGRTCQSWSSMTPHWHRRIPLYYPNAGLTRNYCRNPDAEIRPWCYTMDPSVRWEYCNLTRCPVTESSVLTTPTVAPVPSTEAPSEQAPPEKSPVVQDCYHGDGRSYRGISSTTVTGRTCQSWSSMIPHWHQRTPENYPNAGLTENYCRNPDSGKQPWCYTTDPCVRWEYCNLTQCSETESGVLETPTVVPVPSMEAHSEAAPTEQTPVVRQCYHGNGQSYRGTFSTTVTGRTCQSWSSMTPHRHQRTPENYPNDGLTMNYCRNPDADTGPWCFTMDPSIRWEYCNLTRCSDTEGTVVAPPTVIQVPSLGPPSEQDCMFGNGKGYRGKKATTVTGTPCQEWAAQEPHRHSTFIPGTNKWAGLEKNYCRNPDGDINGPWCYTMNPRKLFDYCDIPLCASSSFDCGKPQVEPKKCPGSIVGGCVAHPHSWPWQVSLRTRFGKHFCGGTLISPEWVLTAAHCLKKSSRPSSYKVILGAHQEVNLESHVQEIEVSRLFLEPTQADIALLKLSRPAVITDKVMPACLPSPDYMVTARTECYITGWGETQGTFGTGLLKEAQLLVIENEVCNHYKYICAEHLARGTDSCQGDSGGPLVCFEKDKYILQGVTSWGLGCARPNKPGVYARVSRFVTWIEGMMRNN | |
Gene Information
Gene Ontology (GO Annotations)
| GO ID | Source | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0005576 | NAS:UniProtKB | C | extracellular region |
| GO:0034358 | IDA:BHF-UCL | C | plasma lipoprotein particle |
| GO:0034185 | IPI:BHF-UCL | F | apolipoprotein binding |
| GO:0004866 | TAS:ProtInc | F | endopeptidase inhibitor activity |
| GO:0001968 | IPI:BHF-UCL | F | fibronectin binding |
| GO:0008201 | NAS:BHF-UCL | F | heparin binding |
| GO:0004252 | IDA:BHF-UCL | F | serine-type endopeptidase activity |
| GO:0008015 | TAS:ProtInc | P | blood circulation |
| GO:0006629 | NAS:ProtInc | P | lipid metabolic process |
| GO:0006869 | IEA:UniProtKB-KW | P | lipid transport |
| GO:0042157 | TAS:Reactome | P | lipoprotein metabolic process |
| GO:0010951 | TAS:GOC | P | negative regulation of endopeptidase activity |
| GO:0006898 | TAS:Reactome | P | receptor-mediated endocytosis |
| GO:0044281 | TAS:Reactome | P | small molecule metabolic process |
REACTOME Pathway Links
| REACTOME Pathway ID | Description |
|---|---|
| REACT_6934 | LDL-mediated lipid transport |
| REACT_602 | Lipid digestion, mobilization, and transport |
| REACT_6823 | Lipoprotein metabolism |
| REACT_111217 | Metabolism |
| REACT_22258 | Metabolism of lipids and lipoproteins |
Domain Information
UniProt Annotations
Entry Information
Comments
| Comment Type | Description |
|---|---|
| Function | Apo(a) is the main constituent of lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)). It has serine proteinase activity and is able of autoproteolysis. Inhibits tissue-type plasminogen activator 1. Lp(a) may be a ligand for megalin/Gp 330. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:2531657}. |
| Interaction | P02749:APOH; NbExp=4; IntAct=EBI-9232288, EBI-2114682; P02751:FN1; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-9232288, EBI-1220319; |
| Miscellaneous | Apo(a) is known to be proteolytically cleaved, leading to the formation of the so-called mini-Lp(a). Apo(a) fragments accumulate in atherosclerotic lesions, where they may promote thrombogenesis. O-glycosylation may limit the extent of proteolytic fragmentation. Homology with plasminogen kringles IV and V is thought to underlie the atherogenicity of the protein, because the fragments are competing with plasminogen for fibrin(ogen) binding. |
| Polymorphism | The reference genome sequence encodes a variant that contains 16 Kringle domains and that lack residues 533 to 3040. Depending on the individual, the encoded protein contains 2-43 copies of kringle-type domains. The allele represented here contains 38 copies of the kringle-type repeats. |
| Ptm | N- and O-glycosylated. The N-glycans are complex biantennary structures present in either a mono- or disialylated state. The O- glycans are mostly (80%) represented by the monosialylated core type I structure, NeuNAcalpha2-3Galbeta1-3GalNAc, with smaller amounts of disialylated and non-sialylated O-glycans also detected. |
| Similarity | Belongs to the peptidase S1 family. Plasminogen subfamily. {ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00274}. |
| Similarity | Contains 1 peptidase S1 domain. {ECO:0000255|PROSITE- ProRule:PRU00274}. |
| Similarity | Contains 38 kringle domains. {ECO:0000255|PROSITE- ProRule:PRU00121}. |
| Subunit | Disulfide-linked to apo-B100. Binds to fibronectin and decorin. |
| Web Resource | Name=SHMPD; Note=The Singapore human mutation and polymorphism database; URL="http://shmpd.bii.a-star.edu.sg/gene.php?genestart=A&genename=APOA"; |
Identical and Related Proteins
Unique RefSeq proteins for LMP006782 (as displayed in Record Overview)
| Protein GI | Database | Accession | Length | Protein Name |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 116292750 | RefSeq | NP_005568 | 2040 | apolipoprotein(a) precursor |
Identical Sequences to LMP006782 proteins
| Reference | Database | Accession | Length | Protein Name |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GI:116292750 | GenBank | AFO05849.1 | 2040 | Sequence 487 from patent US 8216786 |
| GI:116292750 | GenBank | AFQ78688.1 | 2040 | Sequence 4 from patent US 8241861 |
| GI:116292750 | GenBank | AGP16941.1 | 2040 | Sequence 4 from patent US 8460889 |
Related Sequences to LMP006782 proteins
| Reference | Database | Accession | Length | Protein Name |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GI:116292750 | EMBL | CAA29618.1 | 4548 | unnamed protein product [Homo sapiens] |
| GI:116292750 | EMBL | CCA78940.1 | 4548 | unnamed protein product [Homo sapiens] |
| GI:116292750 | GenBank | ABF47086.1 | 2040 | lipoprotein, Lp(a) [Homo sapiens] |
| GI:116292750 | GenBank | ADS30504.1 | 4548 | Sequence 1036 from patent US 7781168 |
| GI:116292750 | GenBank | AGU19064.1 | 4548 | Sequence 13 from patent US 8519096 |
| GI:116292750 | SwissProt | P08519.1 | 4548 | RecName: Full=Apolipoprotein(a); Short=Apo(a); Short=Lp(a); Flags: Precursor [Homo sapiens] |